城市化、农地制度与迁移人口社会保障* ——一个转轨中发展的大国视角与政策选择 陶 然1 徐志刚2 (1 中国科学院农业政策研究中心;2 英国牛津大学中国学术研究中心) 摘 要:城市化过程中的人口迁移,社会保障,农村土地产权稳定和村庄内部农地调整以及农用土地非农化问题,都是现阶段中国转轨与经济发展过程中面临的重大问题。针对每个问题,学术界和政府部门都进行了相当多的理论或政策研究。但是,上述三方面问题相互之间有着非常紧密的关联,需要一个整体思路来进行分析,更需要在此基础上给出系统、具操作性的解决方案,以避免从任何单方面研究给予政策建议可能导致的顾此失彼。本文在对相关研究综述和剖析的基础上,揭示了中国背景下城市化、农地制度和社会保障问题在一个大国转轨与发展过程中的特殊性,并提出:在改革现行农地转非农地制度的同时,通过给予农民在土地和城镇社会保障之间的自由选择权建立起一种良性的城市化机制,从而实现户籍制度和农地制度改革的突破。最后,文章对提出的政策组合在合理假设下进行了不同情景的财政预算平衡分析,证明了该政策组合的可行性。 关键词:城市化,农地制度,社会保障 Urbanization, Rural Land System and Social Security In China Tao Ran, Xu Zhigang Abstract: In China’s transition and economic development, temporary migration, lack of basic socialsecurity arrangements for migrants, frequent land reallocation in rural areas and abusive rural landrequisition in urbanization process are all important policy issues that have been studied intensivelywith lots of policy recommendations. However, these issues are closely related and need to beexplored under an integrated framework that takes into account China’s size and characteristics in economic development and transition. The paper aims to establish such a framework and proposes apolicy package to systematically approach these issues. Implications from such proposed policypackage are also discussed and compared to other policy recommendations. Key Words: Urbanization, Rural Land System, Migrant’s Social Security
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