城市轨道交通运营企业的补贴机制 【中文摘要】轨道交通建设是目前我国缓解大城市交通堵塞的重要途径,但运营过程的亏损 又是各个城市难以避免的事实。在实现普遍服务的条件下,政府只能向运营企业提供某种形 式的补贴以维持企业的正常运行。补贴也可能会扭曲企业降低成本的激励,因此改革政府的 补贴机制,寻求多样化的补贴方式成为维持运营企业正常经营,保证投资收益的重要途径。 本文试图通过对轨道交通企业的性质分析,结合国内外实际运营经验,分析政府补贴的必然 趋势和补贴可能导致的扭曲效应,以及寻求激励性补贴的主要方式和途径。 【关键词】轨道交通运营企业,补贴,承诺 Improve Subsidy Mechanism on City Metro-Operator [abstract] it is very important way to deal with “jam” problems in big city with building the metro, but it is inevitable for metro-operator to operate to the bad. The government provides operators to subsidy in the way in order to achieve public services, but subsidy became distort incentive of decreasing cost in firm. So for the operator, it is vital way to improve subsidy mechanism in order to heighten their efficiency. [key words] metro-operator, subsidy, commitment 该文发表在《中国国情国力》2006 年4 期,篇名该为“补贴轨道交通运营企业 有讲究”
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